![punjabi tandoor punjabi tandoor](https://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-s/06/ab/be/41/combo-meals.jpg)
To prepare tamdyr for baking, first, fire is made directly inside the tamdyr, usually using dried cotton stalks. Various spices can be added to the Turkmen bread: cumin, cinnamon, olives, mustard, sunflower seeds and other flavoring ingredients. Turkmens bake not only bread in the tamdyr, but also several dishes, the most famous of which is somsa (an independent dish, similar to a pie, of any shape with a filling, usually beef). One of most famous kinds of çörek baked in the Turkmen tamdyr is etli çörek (bread with meat), made during traditional holidays. Occasionally, housewives get together and bake çörek for several families. Most Turkmen families living in the rural area have tamdyrs in their household. Armenians are said to have originated underground tonirs. The underground tonir, made of clay, is one of the first tools in Armenian cuisine, as an oven and as a thermal treatment tool.
![punjabi tandoor punjabi tandoor](https://s3-media0.fl.yelpcdn.com/bphoto/WSSuyQlEb5ZiEy4Kjmpv1g/348s.jpg)
Armenians made tonirs in resemblance with the setting sun "going into the ground" (the Sun being the main deity). In ancient times, the tonir was worshiped by the Armenians as a symbol of the sun in the ground. Some villages still have a communal tandoor, which was a common sight prior to 1947. In rural Punjab, it was common to have communal tandoors. In India and Pakistan, tandoori cooking was traditionally associated with the Punjab, as Punjabis embraced the tandoor on a regional level, and became popular in the mainstream after the 1947 partition when Punjabi Sikhs and Hindus resettled in places such as Delhi. Tandoor cooking is a traditional aspect of Punjabi cuisine in undivided Punjab. The Punjabi tandoor from South Asia is traditionally made of clay and is a bell-shaped oven, which can either be set into the earth and fired with wood or charcoal reaching temperatures of about 480 ☌ (900 ☏ 750 K), or rest above the ground. Words related and similar to tandoor are used in various languages, for example the Dari Persian words tandūr and tanūr, Arabic tannūr (تنّور), Armenian t’onir (Թոնիր), Assyrian tanūra (ܬܢܘܪܐ), Azerbaijani təndir, Georgian tone (თონე), Hebrew tanúr (תנור), Kyrgyz tandyr (тандыр) Kazakh tandyr (тандыр), Kurdish tenûr, Tat tənur, Tajik tanur (танур), Turkish tandır, Turkmen tamdyr, Uzbek tandir and Luganda ttanuulu. In Sanskrit, the tandoor was referred to as kandu. So the origin of tandoor might be Semitic. also Avestan tanûra and Middle Persian tanûr. According to the Dehkhoda Persian Dictionary, the Persian word ultimately came from the Akkadian word tinūru (??), which consists of the parts tin "mud" and nuro/nura "fire" and is mentioned as early as in the Akkadian Epic of Gilgamesh, c.f. The English word comes from Hindi tandūr ( तंदूर), which came from Persian tanūr ( تَنور) or ( تَندور), which all mean (clay) oven. A coal-fired tandoor with a mild steel drum